A Review Of chemical oxygen demand
A Review Of chemical oxygen demand
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COD measurement ranges Commonly consider close to two several hours either in the laboratory or with an online analyser, so is a more quickly test than a BOD measurement which usually takes close to 5 times.
COD is best suited for fast and frequent checking of therapy plant efficiency and h2o high-quality.
It might be measured swiftly to get important information on drinking water bodies and industrial or wastewater therapy plant effluent.
Nền tảng cho thử nghiệm COD là gần như mọi hợp chất hữu cơ đều có thể bị oxy hóa đầy đủ để tạo ra dioxide cacbon bằng các chất oxy hóa mạnh trong các điều kiện axít.
Digestion is performed by refluxing (one hundred fifty °C). The surplus of dichromate is often based on titration or spectrophotometry, and using mercury salts to do away with the interference due to chlorine is required. Dichromate is considered as the top oxidizing agent plus the organized Remedy is stable for a long time, the key difficulty that shows could be the generation of remarkably toxic waste [12, 59].
Simultaneously, population and creation improves have greater h2o use, making a corresponding rise in wastewater quantity.
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Process Summary – An aliquot on the sample is digested for two hrs at a hundred and fifty°C in the presence of dichromate and sulfuric acid. The ensuing Resolution is titrated to a coloured endpoint with ferroin indicator or Keep reading a spectrophotometer at an correct wavelength.
There are some standardized methods for measuring COD, but the most typical may be the dichromate reactor digestion here process which requires the response of sample here with potassium dichromate within a sulfuric acid Alternative.
Monitoring COD aids in optimizing treatment functions and guaranteeing compliance with regulatory expectations.
The level of natural make any difference current during the sample is calculated by the time necessary with the permanganate ion to scale back, building manganese dioxide. This compound catalyzes the decomposition of permanganate, Hence expanding its usage of organic and natural matter.